Sodium Thiosulfate
Sodium thiosulfate is an antidote to cyanide.With the participation of thiocyanase,it can combine with cyanide ions free in the body or bound with methemoglobin to form non-toxic thiocyanate which can be excreted from urine to relieve cyanide poisoning. In addition,it can combine with a variety of metal ions to form non-toxic sulfide which can be excreted by urine,and it also has desensitization effect.Clinically, it is used for the treatment of cyanide and nitrile poisoning, arsenic,bismuth,iodine, mercury,lead poisoning,as well as skin pruritus,chronic dermatitis,chronic urticaria, drug rash,scabies,ringworm,etc.This drug should not be taken orally.After intravenous injection,it is rapidly distributed to the extracellular fluid of various tissues.The half-life is 0.65h,and most of it is discharged from urine in its original form.Cyanide poisoning is usually treated by slow intravenous injection of 12.5~25g.Metal poisoning or desensitization treatment:0.5~1g/time,intravenous injection.
It is mainly used as a fixing agent in the photographic industry.It is also used as reductant of dichromate,neutralizer of nitrogen-containing tail gas,mordant, bleaching agent of wheat straw and wool,and dechlorination agent for pulp bleaching.It is also used in the manufacture of tetraethyl lead,dye intermediates,etc. and in the extraction of silver from ores.